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>_________________________________________________________________
>Please Post***Please Distribute
>
>Special Issue of *Women and Performance*
>
>*The Performance of Mass Rape: War, Trauma, and Limit

Phenomena
>
>*Guest Editor: Sel J. Hwahng
>
>From World War II to the present, the vast majority

of armed conflicts
have
>been fought in developing countries. For instance,

according to
Christian
>Scherrer, of 150 conflicts since World War II, 130

have been fought in
>developing countries. During the period from 1985 to

1996, the
proportion
>of armed conflicts in Latin America remained

constant, those in Asia
and
>Europe declined, and the proportion of conflicts in

Africa greatly
>increased. And currently 44% of armed conflicts

occur in Africa.
Women
>and
>children are often disproportionately affected by

armed conflict and
mass
>rape is often systematically used as a weapon of war.
>
>To consider mass rape systems in the context of

"performance",
however, may
>give one pause. Yet human rights discourse often

refers to "actors",
i.e.
>participants, in crises or emergencies within

specific situated
"theaters",
>i.e. places of enactment of significant events or

actions. And
according
>to
>Norma Field, "limit phenomena" are catastrophes

situated at the limits
of
>comprehension, yet they demonstrate the urgency of

confronting
reality.
>
>This special issue will therefore interrogate how

mass rape systems
from
>World War II to the present have been executed,

acknowledged, and
addressed
>through actors performing within theaters of

particular armed
conflicts,
>genocides, massacres, and complex emergencies. Mass

rape systems from

>World
>War II to the present in regions such as Africa,

Latin America, Asia,
and
>Eastern Europe during armed conflict will be

examined. Traumatic
effects
>of
>mass rape systems in both individuals and groups will

also be
interrogated.
>How can focused attention on these limit phenomena

also reveal new
insights
>on gender, race, ethnicity, political economy, social

formations, and
human
>agency?
>
>Mass rape systems during armed conflict may include

but are not
limited to
>the following: Pacific War/World War II (including

the Japanese
military
>sex slavery system and the Rape of Nanjing);

Bangladesh War of
Liberation;
>Vietnam War; Colombian Armed Conflict; Guatemalan

Civil War; Balkan
>Conflicts (including Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo);

Angolan Civil
War;
>Mozambican Civil War; Salvadoran Civil War; Myanmar

(formerly Burma)
Civil
>War; Liberian Civil Wars; Rwandan genocide; Sudanese

Civil Wars and
Darfur
>conflict; Congo Wars and Civil War (Democratic

Republic of Congo);
Ugandan
>Armed Conflict; and Sierra Leone Civil War.
>
>This special issue will address some of these

questions:
>
>What are the ritualized aspects and practices of mass

rape systems?
>
>How do mass rape systems perform gender, race,

ethnicity, sexuality,
>nationalism, and religion?
>
>How do colonial, postcolonial, Cold War, and

post-Cold War
geopolitical
>dynamics inform and shape actors within mass rape

systems situated in
>particular theaters of armed conflict?
>
>How does the act of repeatedly bearing witness to

mass rape render
such
>atrocities representable or unrepresentable,

intelligible or
>unintelligible?
>
>How do trauma, terror, and disconnection perform in

mass rape systems?
>
>How are responses to mass rape systems performed

and/or ritualized?
>
>How are the representations of mass rape systems

performed in various
>geopolitical locations, including the U.S.?
>
>How can the investigation of performative aspects of

mass rape systems
>reveal new insights and applications for the

prevention of and
intervention
>in such atrocities?
>
>How can the investigation of performative aspects of

mass rape systems
>reveal new insights and applications for the

treatment of trauma from
such
>atrocities?
>
>Topics may include but are not limited to the

following:
>
>--Child Soldiers—Female and/or Male (including human

trafficking;
rape as
>initiation into military service; coerced sexual

slavery as military
duty;
>and militarized youth cultures)
>
>--Traumatic Effects (including physical and

reproductive injuries from
rape
>and torture; physical and sexual mutilations; social

disintegration;
PTSD
>such as terror, hyperarousal, intrusion,

constriction, and
disconnection;
>silencing; historical trauma; and secondary trauma or

injury)
>
>--Ethnocultural Gender/Sex Systems (including gender

and sexual
>identifications and practices before, during, and

after armed
conflicts;
>and
>new gender, sexual, and/or kinship formations arising

from mass rape
>trauma)
>
>
>--Religion (including religion as justification for

rape; mass rape
across
>religious differences; mass rape within same

religious affiliation;
>Christianization and Islamization of genocide,

massacres, and mass
rape;
>and
>syncretic religious formations in mass rape systems)
>
>--Drug Use (including coerced substance use as

contraception; and
voluntary
>or coerced substance use to facilitate mass rape and

sexual
exploitation)
>
>--HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and

Sexual and
Reproductive
>Health (including HIV/STIs used as weapons of war;

HIV/STI
seroprevalence
>of
>women and children after armed conflict; HIV/STI

seroprevalence of
child
>soldiers; forced pregnancies; forced contraception;

forced abortions;
and
>sexual traumas such as vaginal fistulae and prolapsed

uteri)
>
>--Weapons (including arms trafficking of light

weapons; transnational
>profiteering; Cold War geopolitical nation-state

maneuvers; colonial
>capital
>accumulation; and postcolonial and post-Cold War

crises of failed and
>unraveling states)
>
>--Propaganda (including entrenchment of racial,

ethnic, or religious
>identifications and differences; and gender

disparagement and
>objectification)
>
>--Documentation of Atrocities and Violence (including

journalism;
>interviews; testimonies; case studies; online and

print publishing;
and
>research methodologies)
>
>--Interpretation of Atrocities and Violence

(including interpretive
>performance, theater, film, video, websites, and

fiction; memoirs; and
>reflections by humanitarian workers)
>
>--Demobilization, Demilitarization, Rehabilitation,

Reintegration, and
>Destigmatization of Mass Rape Survivors and Actors

(including
psychosocial,
>biomedical, and indigenous healing modalities; and

capacity building,
best
>practices, and strategies employed by indigenous and

transnational
NGOs)
>
>-- Justice Systems and Grassroots Organizing

(including local,
national,
>and
>international legal claims and actions; indigenous

and transnational
>women's
>groups and organizing; and alternative social

formations and peer
networks
>among survivors)
>
>--Comparative analyses between mass rape systems are

especially
welcome
>
>Submission Guidelines
>
>Please submit manuscripts electronically as email

attachments in
Microsoft
>Word. All emails should be addressed to Sel J.

Hwahng at
>hwahng@??? Jeanne Vaccaro at
>jeanne@???. Please write "Women

and Performance:
>Special Issue" in subject line. Essays should be

double-spaced, with
>1-inch
>margins; articles should not exceed 10,000 words.

Please follow the
Chicago
>Manual of Style, 15th edition. All manuscripts should

be submitted
with a
>500 word abstract. Submissions due no later than

December 15, 2007.
>
>--
>Sel J. Hwahng, Ph.D.
>
>Research Investigator
>The Transgender Project
>Institute for Treatment and Services Research
>National Development and Research Institutes, Inc.
>71 West 23rd Street, 8th Floor
>New York, NY 10010
>
>Visiting Scholar and Adjunct Professor
>Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Race
>Columbia University
>424 Hamilton Hall
>1130 Amsterdam Avenue
>New York, NY 10027
>mail code: 2880
>




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